In this lesson, learners will demonstrate an understanding of the three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas) and their properties, ensuring they can recognize, differentiate, and represent them through real-life examples, activities, and observations.
Students will be able to:
Reference: NCERT Book Alignment
The lesson is aligned with the NCERT Grade 9 Science Textbook, Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings
Section 3 – States of Matter
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
In this session, students will explore the three states of matter – solid, liquid, and gas. They will learn how particles behave differently in each state and why properties such as shape, volume, compressibility, and diffusion vary. Through real-life examples (spilled milk, sponge, LPG cylinder, aroma of food), students will connect abstract concepts with everyday experiences.
| Title | Approximate Duration | Procedure | Reference Material |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engage | 5 | Ask: Have you ever wondered why a wooden table stays rigid, but milk spills and spreads, or why the smell of cooked food reaches you even from the kitchen? | Slides |
| Explore | 10 | “Why does a wooden table feel hard, water spills on the floor spread, and helium cylinders fill balloons?” Discuss the differences in solids, liquids, and gases. | Slides |
| Explain | 10 | Open the Virtual Lab and explain the- | Slides and Virtual Lab |
| Evaluate | 10 | Students will attempt the Self Evaluation task on LMS. | Virtual Lab |
| Extend | 5 | “How do solids, liquids, and gases behave in terms of compressibility?” Perform a hands-on activity with syringes and water, chalk, and air. | Slides |
In this lesson, students will learn about the three primary states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and how their properties differ due to the arrangement and behaviour of particles. Through hands-on activities, real-life examples, and visual demonstrations, students will explore how matter behaves in different states and why this knowledge is essential in everyday life—like why ice floats, why gases spread quickly, or why liquids take the shape of containers.
Introduction: Why States of Matter?
Have you ever wondered why a wooden table stays rigid, but milk spills and spreads, or why the smell of cooked food reaches you even from the kitchen?
These everyday experiences highlight the importance of understanding the states of matter—how solids, liquids, and gases differ in properties and behavior.
What are States of Matter?
Definition: Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It exists in three main states: solid, liquid, and gas.
Example: Ice (solid), water (liquid), and steam (gas) are three states of the same substance.
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Solved Example:
Why can a sponge be compressed even though it is a solid?
→ A sponge has tiny holes with air trapped inside; pressing it expels the air, making it compressible.
Applications / Why is it Useful?
This is the list of vocabulary terms used throughout the lesson.
This virtual lab helps learners explore the three states of matter – solid, liquid, and gas – through interactive visuals and animations.